100BC Massacre of the Populares in the Senate

1041 Accession of Byzantine Emperor Michael V (Dec 10, 1041-Apr 20, 1042), deposed & mutilated, d. in a monastery Aug 24, 1042

1474 Isabella I becomes Queen of Castile (1474-1504), leads armies, marries Ferdinand of Aragon, funds Columbus

1494 Condottiero Prospero Colonna again switches allegiance, from the French back to the Pope

1508 Formation of the League of Cambrai: Pope Julius II, Louis XII of France, Holy Roman Emperor Maximilian I, & Ferdinand II of Aragon ally against Venice

1510 Portuguese & Indian forces under Afonso de Albuquerque captured Goa from the Bijapur Sultanate, initiating 451 years of colonial rule

1652 Battle of Dungeness: Tromp's Dutch fleet defeat Blake's English one

1809 Napoleon divorces Josephine

1864 Sherman reaches Savannah, begins a 12-day siege

1877 Turks surrender Plevna to Russo-Romanian Army after a bloody five-month siege

1898 Spanish-American War ends, the US gains Philippines, Puerto Rico, & Guam

1901 First Nobel Peace Prizes, to Jean Henri Dunant and Frederic Passy

1906 Theodore Roosevelt is the first American awarded the Nobel Peace Prize

1920 Woodrow Wilson receives the Nobel Peace Prize

1941 Guam surrenders to a Japanese landing force after a two-day battle

1941 Japanese naval a/c sink HMS 'Prince of Wales' and 'Repulse', South China Sea

1941 Japanese troops land in Northern Luzon, and their naval aircraft bomb Cavite Navy Yard, Manila Bay

1941 USS 'Enterprise' (CV-6) aircraft sink sub 'I-70', first Japanese warship sunk by USN in WWII

1942 Br offensive in Arakan, moving between the sea and the mountains

1942 Hitler names Anton Mussert "Fuhrer of the Netherlands"

1942 Papua: Australian troops land at Oro Bay, near Buna, as Japanese aircraft drop supplies to their forces there

1942 U.S. aircraft bomb Munda

1948 UN General Assembly adopts Universal Declaration of Human Rights

1978 Menachem Begin & Anwar Sadat awarded Nobel Peace Prize

1990 Hindu-Muslim rioting in Hyderabad-Aligargh, 140 die

2010 For the first time since World War II, a German infantry battalion paraded in a French city, at Strasbourg, to mark the formation of a Franco-German combat brigade.